A different kind of steel is stainless, and it is an alloy of chromium and iron. The addition of chromium makes it characteristically stainless. It is greatly used in constructions and also is ever present in kitchens. Chromium makes the metal quite resistant to stains, rust and corrosion; making it definitely ideal for use in kitchen utensils, appliances and so many other things. The many known physical properties of stainless steel make it quite the preferred every metal for man’s use. It can be melted and recycled, quite easily, and it is even environment-friendly. Compared to many other metals, it is more ductile, it is long lasting and rather affordable. It comes in quite a few grades, depending on the inherent properties.

The Different Types

1. Austenitic: These are classified under the 300 series and they are the most prominent types of steel in the market. It contains about 0.15% of carbon and 16% chromium, as well as small parts of nickel, manganese and nitrogen. Like most stainless products, they are known to be ductile and highly resistant to corrosion. T304 or type 304 is the most abundantly used and it is also referred to as the classic 18/8 used for constructing shafts, pumps and so many other things.

2. Martensitic: These contain quite high levels of carbon, almost 1%. It contains about 18% of chromium and other elements like nickel and molybdenum. It has known magnetic properties can be effectively hardened by subjecting it to heat. Just like most stainless products, it is resistant to corrosion but is less durable in comparison to the more superior austenitic type. It is mostly used for making molds, as well as in cutlery and medical instruments and tools.

3. Ferritic: These join the martensitic type in the 400 series and it contains about 10.5% of carbon and 27% f chromium so compared to those previously mentioned it is less ductile and cannot be hardened effectively by heating. It also possesses some magnetic properties, and is quite tough while being less durable than austenitc. It is, however, significantly resistant to corrosion and is highly used in sea water or washing machines and boilers.

4. Duplex: As the name implies, it is a complete harmony of two types, and that is austentinic and ferritic, in an equal 50:50 ratio. It has quite a higher chromium content and lower content of nickel compared to those previously mentioned, but since it is a mixture of two types it is quite tough, resistant to corrosion, stress and come with very impressive magnetic properties. Its most superior line is referred to as the “super duplex”, and it is used greatly in areas where high corrosion is expected to be met.

5. Precipitation Hardening: Even at quite a low temperature, this type is able to harden effectively. It appears austenitic, when it first forms, but some elements can be added to it to make it tougher. This type of stainless product is able to take different shapes and forms. It is also resistant to corrosion and it is mostly used in the building of aircraft components.

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