First aid training teaches non-expert personnel how to provide the initial care for wounds, illnesses, or traumas. First aid consists of life saving techniques which can be performed using minimal equipment and sometimes even your bare hands. First aid training has four key principles which anyone interested in learning this program should know and follow. Read below to find out what these four principles are.

– Preserving Life

Above anything else, the main goal of any medical act, including first aid, is to save a life. Medically speaking, the state of being alive is represented by the presence of two parameters: a regularly beating heart and an open, unobstructed airway that can fill the lungs with air. First aid training focuses on teaching clear and simple gestures that help maintain a victim’s breathing and pulse and that consequently, lead to the preservation of life. For example, first aid training teaches you that it is important to place unconscious victims on their side to avoid that the victims chokes on its own vomit.

– Avoiding Causing Additional Harm

One of the first things trainees learn in first aid programs is that before trying to help a victim, the rescuer has to be sure that his or her actions do not cause any further harm. For example, moving a victim who has fallen from a height before securely immobilizing him or her could lead to permanent spinal injuries. Similarly, performing an incorrect cardiac massage can cause additional damage to a victim already in distress. So, it is better to be completely sure you know how to perform the maneuvers right before attempting to help someone.

– Preventing Further Harm

Preventing further harm or in other words, preventing the condition of the victim from getting worse, is another important principle taught during first aid training. The concept implies removing the victim from the dangerous place that caused the situation (a fire, a room filled with carbon monoxide) and practicing various techniques in order to alleviate the patient’s immediate prognosis (applying pressure to a heavily bleeding wound). Although first aid techniques are usually pretty simple to execute, they are usually enough to ensure the victim stays stable until he can be transported to a hospital or an ambulance arrives.

– Promoting the Victim’s Recovery

In many cases, first aid is necessary to help the victim until more advanced medical treatment, such as drugs and medical devices, can be accessed. First aid is the first step in the recovery of an injury, broken bone, or other types of trauma. In some cases, the skills learned during first aid training can represent the complete and only needed treatment, like in the case of a applying a bandage to a small wound or a calming solution on a sunburn.

The four principles presented above are the most important points any professional first aid training should focus on. Although there are a lot of other important aspects regarding first aid training, any rescuer should keep these four key concepts in mind when trying to help the injured.

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